This lesson is the first in our course on Arabic. You can learn Arabic by using this course with graphics and examples. We will learn the Arabic demonstrative articles in this lesson.
Read the following sentences carefully. We will review the lesson’s guidelines when the sentences have been completed.
Part 1 of Lesson 1 teaches us how to utilize the pronoun هَـٰذَا which means ‘This’ (called the demonstrative pronoun in grammar). /Hādhā/ is pronounced هَاذَا but is written without the first /alif/. The second word is the noun (object) being referred to, e.g.: بَيْتٌ means house.
There is no Arabic equivalent to the English word “is,” which is known in grammar as a “copula.” We can see this rule demonstrated above where we see the words for هَـٰذَا and the noun/predicate مَسْجِدٌ being referred to without any copula. i.e. هَـٰذَا مَسْجِدٌ If read literally this sentence would read “This a mosque”, however, the word “is” can be implied in this sentence so that it reads “This is a mosque”.
The letter “a” in the sentence “This is a book” has no equivalent in Arabic. The n-sound, i.e. the /tanwīn/ (doubled vowel sign) at the end of the Arabic noun (kitābu-n, baitu-n, masĴidu-n) is the Arabic indefinite article corresponding to the English “a/an”.
The phraseمَا هَـٰذَا؟ means “What’s this”. We shall then answer the questions with the phrase we learnt in the earlier parts, i.e. /hādhā/ هَـٰذَا.
The phrase أَهَـٰذَا…..؟ means “Is this…?”, for example أَهَـٰذَا بَيْتٌ؟ which means “Is this a house?”.
In addition, let’s learn the words for Yes and No in Arabic to answer these questions. The word for Yes in Arabic is نَعَمْ, and the word for No in Arabic is لا.
Please read the sentences below from right to left since the Arabic alphabet is right to left as we have already learned.
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